The Anunnaki Timeline: From Sumer to Today
A comprehensive chronological overview from ancient Sumer to modern interpretations.
Early Dynastic Period (c. 2900–2350 BCE)
The earliest written references to the Anunnaki appear in Sumerian texts from this era. Key archaeological sites include Uruk, Ur, and Lagash.
Akkadian Empire (c. 2350–2150 BCE)
Under Sargon of Akkad, the Anunnaki pantheon was integrated with Akkadian deities. The Epic of Gilgamesh references these divine beings.
Modern Interpretations (1976–Present)
Zecharia Sitchin's "The 12th Planet" introduced alternative theories. We present both academic consensus and alternative viewpoints with citations.